![]() Whereas the collapse of the Somali State (and the ensuing civil war) has causes (and hopefully solutions), that are profoundly endogenous, it can be said to be in some ways a consequence of globalization (especially the end of the cold war), it is also true that the process of globalization in Somalia was enhanced by the collapse of the State. Somalia illustrates dramatically the complexity of this transformation, the choices societies can make in the adoption or rejection of trends or behaviors, and the interesting ways in which ‘directives’ from well-off global partners are interpreted and used for local benefit. ![]() Groups vary in the permeability of their boundaries, allowing some trends to filter through, while others are firmly rejected. ![]() People are affected differently by globalization, and they react in a variety of ways. The unevenness of the process is creating inequalities within nations, regions, and communities disparity and insecurity of incomes rapid transmission of financial and political crises between different areas of the planet the spread of crime, health threats and environmental degradation on a previously unknown scale. It must be emphasized that globalization is not merely a homogenizing and integrating force, but divides and fragments societies as well. We see globalization as the extension of trends and influences (such as ideas, concepts, knowledge, ethics and technology as well as behaviors) across erstwhile barriers (ethnic, linguistic, cultural, religious, political or environmental). ![]() This paper examines the impacts of globalization on Somalia. In reality, however, Somalia has had a complex and uneven set of interactions with global actors and trends. It might, therefore, seem reasonable to view Somalia as a country left out of the loop of new global markets, technologies, politics and cultures. Somalia also ranks among the lowest countries in the world on UNDP’s Human Development Index (HDI). ![]() Somalia’s communities have had to deal with a period of statelessness for longer than any other society in the contemporary world. ![]()
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